Inside Hershey: March 2016

Mr. Hershey’s Background

Milton S. Hershey was born in Derry Township (today better known as Hershey) on September 13, 1857. He died on October 13, 1945 at the age of 88.
His parents were Henry and Fanny Hershey.
Henry was a farmer and a bit of an inventor, but he never had much success.
Milton’s middle name was Snavely, his mother’s maiden name.
He left school at the age of 14 to start an apprenticeship.
After a failed printing apprenticeship, Milton became an apprentice to a candymaker in Lancaster named Joseph Royer. He learned a great deal from Royer before deciding to set out on his own as a candymaker.

Mr. Hershey’s Early Business Ventures

Mr. Hershey opened his first candy business at the age of 18. This was in Philadelphia, the focal point of the country’s centennial celebration.
He went bankrupt twice—in Philadelphia in 1882 and in New York City in 1886.
He also explored business opportunities in Denver, Chicago and New Orleans, but found nothing satisfactory.
While he was in Denver, he learned the art of adding fresh milk to caramels to make them creamier and chewier.
He returned to Lancaster in 1886 and opened the Lancaster Caramel Company.
He relied on a former employee, William “Lebbie” Lebkicher (who became a trusted friend and advisor), and his Aunt Mattie to give him enough money to buy the necessary supplies.
The caramel that made him famous was called the “Crystal A” caramel.
He bought his first chocolate-making equipment from a German company, the J.M. Lehmann Company, in 1893. He saw the equipment at work at the World’s Columbian Exposition in Chicago. He was so fascinated by it that he purchased two of the actual pieces of machinery he saw on display at the exposition, and then bought additional equipment directly from the company’s New York office.
He established the Hershey Chocolate Company in 1894 as a subsidiary of the caramel company.
He became the first person in the United States to mass-produce milk chocolate. In late 1900,he introduced the world to his milk chocolate products.
On August 10, 1900, he sold his caramel company for $1 million and relinquished the Lancaster factory, the caramel recipes and the “Crystal A” trademark.
He kept the right to make chocolate and all of his chocolate-making equipment, though, and rented a wing of the caramel factory to continue that venture.

The Famous Chocolate Factory

Mr. Hershey returned to his birthplace to build what would become the largest chocolate factory in the world. He settled in Derry Township because he needed cows for fresh milk, hard-working people and a source of water.
Construction on the factory began on March 2, 1903 and ended in 1905.
The original factory grew to occupy 2.2 million square feet. When it was first constructed, the factory covered six acres. Today, most of the original factory has been demolished, although part of it has been renovated and serves as offices for The Hershey Company.
The bushes outside the original factory that spell out “Hershey Cocoa” are red barberry bushes.
There are two chocolate factories in town: the original, a new one on the west side of town (built in 1990) and the Reese’s plant on Chocolate Avenue (built in 1957).

And Speaking of Reese’s...

Harry Burnett Reese, founder of the H.B. Reese Candy Company, was once an employee of the Hershey Chocolate Company. He decided he could make a living by making his own candy.
In 1923 he began making that candy in his basement at night. Peanut butter cups became part of his assortment in 1928. In 1942, due to war rationing, Reese eliminated everything except for peanut butter cups from his product line.
Reese got his chocolate from the Hershey Chocolate Company and always enjoyed a good relationship with the company. All of his peanut butter cups bore the banner, “Made in Chocolate Town—So They Must Be Good.”
Reese died in 1956 and was succeeded by his six sons. In 1963 they sold the company to Hershey Chocolate Corporation.
Today The Hershey Company continues to produce Reese’s peanut butter cups, which have become its most popular candy.

The Town of Hershey

It was important to Mr. Hershey to create a community where his employees could be self-reliant and own their own homes.
In creating “his” company town, Mr. Hershey made provisions for recreation (he provided a park and community center), religion (he donated $20,000 to five congregations), and financial independence (he established the town’s bank).
The official name of the community is Derry Township. It has never been officially incorporated as Hershey.
In the early 1900s, the town held a contest to determine the name the U.S. Postal Service would use. The winning entry was “Hersheykoko,” which got shortened to just “Hershey.” That’s the name the Postal Service has acknowledged since 1906.
About 22,000 people use the services of Derry Township, but only about 9,000 people live in the town itself. The town is 26 square miles.

Those Kiss-Shaped Streetlights

The lights line Chocolate Avenue, and can also be seen at a few other locations around town. There are 107 Kiss-shaped streetlights on Chocolate Avenue: 55 wrapped and 52 unwrapped.
In addition, there are eight lights on Park Avenue between Chocolate Avenue and the railroad bridge, plus a few at the entrance to the West Hershey Plant and at the entrances of each of the company’s factories outside the town of Hershey.
The lights were installed in 1963.
They were installed under the direction of then-Hershey Chocolate Corporation President Samuel Hinkle and were nicknamed “Hinkle’s Twinkles.”

The Cuban Connection

Mr. Hershey owned sugar plantations and mills in Cuba from 1916 until 1946.
When they were sold in 1946, the operations included 60,000 acres of land, five raw sugar mills, a peanut oil plant,a henequen plant, four electric plants, and 251 miles of railroad track with sufficient locomotives and cars.
His flagship sugar mill was located at “Central Hershey” in Cuba. The town that was created to support the mill was developed as a model town and featured many of the same types of services that Mr. Hershey had established in “his” town in Pennsylvania.
Profits from the sugar business in Cuba helped sustain the Pennsylvania town during the Great Depression. It was with this money that Mr. Hershey was able to embark on his “Great Building Campaign.
The Chocolate Spa at the Hotel Hershey features Cuban treatments in honor of this part of Mr. Hershey’s story.

Who Was Mrs. Hershey?

Catherine Sweeney, whose nickname was “Kitty,” hailed from Jamestown, New York.
Mr. Hershey met her while he was making a sales call at a candy store in New York.
They were married in the rectory of St. Patrick’s Cathedral in New York in 1898.
Kitty had a progressive neurological disease that was never fully diagnosed. She died in 1915 at the age of 42.
The Hersheys had only been married for 17 years and did not have any children. Mr. Hershey never remarried.

The Milton Hershey School

Mr. Hershey left almost his entire fortune to fund the Milton Hershey School.
Founded by the Hersheys in 1909 as a home and school for orphan boys, the school today serves both boys and girls from more than 30 states, with 70 percent of the students coming from Pennsylvania.
The school’s guiding legal document, the Deed of Trust, gives priority to children from its home county, Dauphin, and neighboring Lebanon and Lancaster counties, then to children from Pennsylvania. After the priority regions, the school then considers students from across the country. The school currently serves nearly 2000 boys and girls in grades pre-kindergarten through 12. The School has more than 9,500 graduates who are productive citizens in cities and towns across the country.
Meals, clothing, medical care, dental care and educational supplies are provided free of charge to enrolled students.
Underclassmen live in family-like environment with a married couple—called “houseparents”—and other children their age in more than 170 student homes.
Approximately 90 percent of the school’s graduates pursue post-high school education and take advantage of the school’s generous continuing education scholarship to do so.
Before 1951, the School was known as the Hershey Industrial School.
The school’s campus extends over 10,000 acres.
Founders Hall features the second largest unsupported dome in the world. The largest is St. Peter’s Basilica in Rome.

High Point

The home the Hersheys built in town overlooks the original chocolate factory.
High Point features 22 rooms and was constructed for just $53,433. It’s less ornate than some of the homes Mr. Hershey’s executives built for themselves.
After Kitty died, Mr. Hershey moved into a suite of rooms on the second floor of the house and allowed the Country Club he created to use the remainder of the mansion as its clubhouse.
Today, High Point is home to the Hershey Trust Company.

Hersheypark

Mr. Hershey founded the park as a picnic and pleasure grounds, but it has evolved into a world-class theme park.
The oldest ride in the park is the Carrousel, which was built in 1919 and installed in Hershey in 1944.
The Comet was built in 1946 and remains in its original location. It’s the park’s oldest roller coaster.
Hersheypark is home to 13 roller coasters, more than can be found at any other park in Pennsylvania.
Hersheypark is not only open for the summer season, it also opens for Springtime in the Park, Hersheypark in the Dark and Hersheypark Christmas Candylane.

ZooAmerica

The year 2010 marked the 100th anniversary of a zoo in Hershey.
The first zookeeper was Franz Zinner, the man who first approached Mr. Hershey about starting a zoo when he learned that the entrepreneur was building a park.
Hershey Zoo started with a colony of prairie dogs and a bear cub. ZooAmerica continues to be home to both of those species.
The Zoo is home to more than 200 animals from North America. They represent 75 species and live on 11 acres.

Hershey’s Chocolate World

This facility is America’s most-visited corporate visitors center. Each year, more than 3 million people take the free chocolate-making tour here to learn how chocolate goes from bean to bar.
The facility opened in 1973. Since then, more than 75 million visitors have passed through its doors.
Chocolate World is home to the world’s largest selection of Hershey’s products found anywhere.
Chocolate World now offers several family-friendly attractions, including a Make Your Own Chocolate Bar experience, a 4D Chocolate Mystery, the Hershey Trolley Works and more!

The Hotel Hershey

During the Great Depression, Mr. Hershey embarked on his “Great Building Campaign” in order to keep townspeople employed. It’s said that more than 600 people worked together to build the Hotel.
The Hotel’s architect, D. Paul Witmer, received specific direction from Mr. Hershey about how to build the Hotel based on his own travel experiences and preferences.
Mr. Hershey is reported to have said that if people dined alone or didn’t tip well, they were put in a corner. He didn’t want any corners in his restaurant; hence, the Hotel’s famed Circular restaurant is literally shaped like a circle.
The Hotel, which was constructed for about $2 million, celebrated its grand opening on May 26, 1933.

The Spa At The Hotel Hershey

The design is based on that of High Point, the Hersheys’ home.
The Spa opened in 2001; it expanded in 2004, nearly doubling in size from 17,000 square feet to 30,000.
There are now 53 treatment rooms.
The Spa is home to the signature Whipped Cocoa Bath, a rarity in that it’s a patented spa treatment.

Hershey Lodge

The Lodge is the largest private convention facility in Pennsylvania.
The Lodge has hosted two bi-partisan Congressional retreats, in 1997 and 1999.
A new water attraction will open at the Lodge in May 2016. Hershey Water Works will feature 30,000 square feet of Hershey-themed water features and a zero entry pool.
The Lodge will celebrate its 50th anniversary in 2017.

Hershey Country Club

Ben Hogan was the golf professional at Hershey Country Club from 1941 to 1951.
Henry Picard, who personally selected Hogan as his replacement, was the golf pro from 1934 to 1941. Both are members of the World Golf Hall of Fame.
The fifth hole of the famed West Course features an incredible view of High Point.

Hershey Gardens

The Gardens opened in 1937 and stretch over 23 acres.
There are 275 varieties of roses here on 7,000 bushes.
Kitty’s rose garden from High Point was moved here.
The Gardens added a 16,000 square foot Conservatory in July 2016. The Milton & Catherine Hershey Conservatory includes a year-round Butterfly Atrium, a Welcome Center and a Horticultural & Educational Wing.

The Hershey Story Museum

The Hershey Story Museum opened in 2009 and took the place of the small museum adjacent to Hersheypark Arena.
The Hershey Story, located on Chocolate Avenue, is a comprehensive museum about the life of Milton S. Hershey and the town that bears his name.
In addition to typical museum exhibits, the Hershey Story offers hands-on experiences, chocolate tasting and a Chocolate Lab where visitors make their own chocolate creations.

Hershey Theatre

The Theatre was also constructed as part of Mr. Hershey’s “Great Building Campaign.”
It features 1,904 seats.
The Theatre’s fire curtain features a scene of Venice, with its Grand Canal slowly flowing past Doge’s Palace.
Behind the French doors of the Theatre’s front balconies are concealed the more than 4,715 pipes and 25 bells of the historic Aeolian-Skinner organ.

Hershey Bears

The Bears are the oldest continually operating franchise in the American Hockey League.
The Bears were the 2009 and 2010 Calder Cup champions.
The Bears have won 11 Calder Cup championships, more than any other team in the league.
The Bears were originally called the “B’ars,” but they added the “E” when the original name was criticized for being too blatantly commercial.

Hersheypark Arena

Constructed in 1936, the 7,225-seat arena was home to the Hershey Bears until the GIANT Center was built in 2002. The historic Arena still stands and hosts many events throughout the year.
Dwight D. Eisenhower celebrated his 63rd birthday with a birthday party held at Hersheypark Arena on October 13, 1953.
Wilt Chamberlain scored a record 100 points in a single basketball game at Hersheypark Arena on March 2, 1962.

A new addition to Hershey this year, the Milton & Catherine Hershey Conservatory is perched on a hill above Hersheypark.

The 16,000-square-foot Conservatory will feature a tropical butterfly atrium that will be open year 'round and will include more than 600 butterflies representing 200-300 species. The Butterfly Atrium will be one of only 25 enclosed tropical butterfly atriums in the U.S., and word is that timed tickets may be offered to ease congestion. Another wing of the Conservatory will house lush tropical foliage and serve as a space for education programs, weddings and social events.

Expected to open in mid-summer, the Conservatory will serve as the new entrance to the Hershey Gardens. Part of the new construction is an additional accessible parking lot.

The Milton & Catherine Hershey Conservatory is yet another addition to Hershey Gardens, which opened in 1937 as a 3 1⁄2-acre rose garden out of Milton Hershey’s request to “create a nice garden of roses.” Many other milestones have marked the expansion of Hershey Gardens which, today, is a 23-acre botanical garden hosting 115,000 visitors annually. A non-profit entity of The M.S. Hershey Foundation, Hershey Gardens features 11 themed gardens, including a children’s garden.

Notable Facts about the Milton & Catherine Hershey Conservatory

Projected opening date is mid-July—up-to-date information about the official opening can be found on the Hershey Gardens website;
The Conservatory is the only structure to be named for both Milton and Catherine Hershey;
The 16,000-square-foot structure will include a Welcome Pavilion, Ticketing, Butterfly Atrium, Educational and Horticultural Wing, Overlook, Terrace and Garden Shop;
Local artists were commissioned to provide stained glass butterflies (Hershey artist Louise Howell) and a water feature designed to look like banana leaves (Shane Morgan);
The Conservatory and at least part of the outdoor gardens will be open year 'round;
Butterfly species will include the stunning Blue Morpho, the Atlas Moth (largest moth in the world) and the Owl Butterfly;
Dan Babbitt, new associate director at Hershey Gardens will manage the Butterfly Atrium. Babbitt has 20 years of experience in the field of entomology and environmental studies and formerly served as director of the Insect Zoo and Butterfly Pavilion at the Smithsonian Institution;
The Butterfly Atrium will feature a unique Chrysalis Cabinet with innovative climate control technology. The Chrysalis Cabinet will enable visitors to view butterflies emerging from the chrysalids;
In addition to palm trees and tropical foliage, the Butterly Atrium will have its own cacao tree.